Canberra is the capital city of Australia and is located in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), which is surrounded by the state of New South Wales. It is a planned city designed by American Walter Burley Griffin in the early 1900s, and the name "Canberra" is believed to come from an Indigenous word meaning "meeting place." The city is home to many government buildings, national monuments, museums, and galleries. It has a population of approximately 400,000 people and is known for its clean environment, vibrant culture, and outdoor recreation opportunities.